Stadt in Massachusetts, Vereinigte Staaten
Stadt in Massachusetts
Worcester, Massachusetts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Stadt Worcester | |||
| |||
| Spitzname (n): Die Stadt der sieben Hügel, Das Herz des Commonwealth, Wormtown, Woo-Town, The Woo | |||
 Lage im Worcester County | |||
![] Worcester befindet sich in Massachusetts](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_srqMicGVdRCwc2YRDV4Dh6su3BeFPlGwovzhbvrfSv5yBz7Ex14jhuPZh0-D5dcx928iveIt6MQ1bFBDFnDdIjpFKyGUaq2XEboQu3yoc9dreFAp1DnaGV3r55XBg4nBxZD7NK077Gd-jmoRzx2rJ1pjq3GWQCRYTUL25BIdSs8pyStMCwXDHqueP-qkDsM3tkBjHKnas0xYx6wrlU-z52nQKcqrFRw1oddA=s0-d)  | |||
| Koordinaten: 42 ° 16′17 ″ N 71 ° 47′56 ″ W / [19659024] 42,27139 ° N 71,79889 ° W Koordinaten: 42 ° 16'17 "N 71 ° 47'56" W / 42.27139 ° N 71.79889 ° W | |||
| Land |  USA | ||
| Bundesstaat |  Massachusetts | ||
| Grafschaft |  Region Worcester | ||
| Region | |||
| ] New England | |||
| Historische Länder |  Königreich England  Königreich Großbritannien | ||
| Historische Kolonien | Massachusetts Bay-Kolonie in der Provinz Massachusetts Bay (1641-1776) | ||
| Abgeschlossen | 1673 | ||
| Als Stadt eingemeindet | 14. Juni 1722 | ||
| Als Stadt eingemeindet | 29. Februar 1848 | ||
| Regierung | |||
| • Typ | Ratsmanager | ||
| • Stadtdirektor | Edward M. Augustus Jr. (D) | ||
| • Bürgermeister | Joseph Petty (D) | ||
| Bereich | |||
| • Stadt | 38.6 99,9 km 2 ) | ||
| • Land | 97,3 km 2 ) | ||
| • Wasser [1965904] 4] 1,6 km 2 ) | |||
| Höhe | 480 ft (146 m) | ||
| Bevölkerung | |||
| • Stadt | 181,045 | ||
| • Schätzung | 184,508 | ||
| • Dichte | 4.700 / Quadratmeilen (1.800 / km 2 ) | ||
| • Metro | 923,672 | ||
| Zeitzone | UTC-5 (Eastern) | ||
| ] • Sommer (DST) | UTC-4 (Eastern) | ||
| Postleitzahl | 01601–01610, 01612–01615, 01653–01655 | ||
| ) | 508/774 | ||
| FIPS-Code 0 | 25-82000 | ||
| GNIS-Feature-ID | 0617867 | ||
| BIP | 37 Mrd. USD [2] | ||
| Website | www .worcesterma | ||
Worcester ( (
Worcester wurde als eine eigene Region betrachtet von Boston bis in die 1970er Jahre. Seitdem bewegen sich die Vorstädte Bostons weiter nach Westen, vor allem nach dem Bau der Interstate 495 und der Interstate 290. Die Worcester-Region markiert jetzt die westliche Peripherie des US-Zensus-Kombinierten Statistikbereichs Boston-Worcester-Providence (MA-RI-NH) (CSA) oder Greater Boston. In der Stadt gibt es viele Beispiele der Mühlenarchitektur aus der viktorianischen Zeit.
Geschichte [ edit ]
Das Gebiet wurde zuerst von Angehörigen des Nipmuc-Stammes bewohnt. Die Ureinwohner nannten die Region Quinsigamond und errichteten eine Siedlung auf dem Pakachoag Hill in Auburn. [7] Im Jahre 1673 führten die englischen Siedler John Eliot und Daniel Gookin eine Expedition nach Quinsigamond, um eine neue "Indianerstadt" aus dem Inder zu errichten. und identifizieren Sie einen neuen Ort für eine englische Siedlung. Am 13. Juli 1674 erhielt Gookin von den Nipmuc-Leuten eine Urkunde über acht Quadratkilometer Land in Quinsigamond, und englische Händler und Siedler begannen, die Region zu besiedeln. [8]
Im Jahre 1675 brach der Krieg von Philip Philip mit dem Nipmuc in ganz England aus Indianer, die dem indischen Führer König Philip zu Hilfe kommen. Die englischen Siedler verließen das Quinsigamond-Gebiet vollständig und die leeren Gebäude wurden von den indischen Truppen niedergebrannt. Die Stadt wurde während des Krieges von Anne Anne 1702 wieder verlassen. [8] Schließlich wurde Worcester 1713 zum dritten Mal dauerhaft von Jonas Rice umgesiedelt. [9] Benannt nach der Stadt Worcester, England, wurde die Stadt am 14. Juni eingemeindet , 1722. [10] Am 2. April 1731 wurde Worcester als Kreisstadt der neu gegründeten Worcester County-Regierung gewählt. Zwischen 1755 und 1758 arbeitete der zukünftige US-Präsident John Adams als Lehrer und studierte in Worcester Rechtswissenschaften.
In den 1770er Jahren wurde Worcester zu einem Zentrum der amerikanischen revolutionären Tätigkeit. Der britische General Thomas Gage erhielt Informationen über Patriotenmunition, die 1775 in Worcester gelagert wurde. Ebenfalls im Jahre 1775 zog der Verleger Isaiah Thomas, Massachusetts Spy seine radikale Zeitung aus dem von Briten besetzten Boston nach Worcester. Thomas veröffentlichte seine Arbeit während des gesamten Amerikanischen Unabhängigkeitskrieges. Am 14. Juli 1776 führte Thomas die erste öffentliche Lesung der Unabhängigkeitserklärung auf der Veranda der Old South Church [12] durch, wo sich heute das Worcester City Hall aus dem 19. Jahrhundert befindet. Später gründete er 1812 die American Antiquarian Society in Worcester. [13]
Um die Wende des 19. Jahrhunderts zog Worcesters Wirtschaft in die Produktion um. Am nahen Blackstone River eröffneten Fabriken, die Textilien, Schuhe und Kleidung produzierten. Die verarbeitende Industrie in Worcester würde jedoch erst mit der Eröffnung des Blackstone Canal im Jahr 1828 und der Eröffnung der Worcester and Boston Railroad im Jahr 1835 aufblühen. Die Stadt verwandelte sich in einen Verkehrsknotenpunkt und die verarbeitende Industrie florierte. [14] Worcester wurde am 29. Februar 1848 offiziell als Stadt gechartert. [10] Die Industrie der Stadt zog in der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts Einwanderer vorwiegend irischer, französischer, deutscher und schwedischer Abstammung an, später viele Einwanderer aus Litauen, Polen, Italienisch und Griechisch Türkische und armenische Abstammung. [15] Einwanderer zogen in neue Dreideckerhäuser, in denen sich hunderte von Worcesters wachsenden Straßen und Wohngebieten befanden. [16]
Im Jahre 1831 eröffnete Ichabod Washburn die Washburn & Moen Company. Das Unternehmen wurde zur größten Drahtherstellung im Land und Washburn wurde zu einer der führenden Persönlichkeiten aus Industrie und Philanthropie in der Stadt. [15][17]
Worcester wurde zu einem Zentrum für Maschinen, Drahtprodukte und Webmaschinen und rühmte die großen Hersteller Washburn & Moen , Wyman-Gordon Company, American Steel & Wire, Morgan Construction und die Norton Company. 1908 war die Royal Worcester Corset Company der größte Arbeitgeber von Frauen in den Vereinigten Staaten. [18]
Worcester würde auch viele Erfindungen und Firsts beanspruchen. New England Candlepin Bowling wurde 1879 in Worcester von Justin White erfunden. Esther Howland begann die erste Reihe von Valentinstagskarten aus ihrem Haus in Worcester im Jahr 1847. Loring Coes erfand den ersten Schraubenschlüssel, und Russell Hawes stellte die erste Umschlag-Falzmaschine her. [19] ] Am 12. Juni 1880 schlug Lee Richmond das erste perfekte Spiel der Worcester Ruby Legs auf dem Worcester Agricultural Fairgrounds in der Baseball-Geschichte der Major League vor. [19]
Am 9. Juni 1953 setzte ein F4-Tornado in Petersham (Massachusetts) nordwestlich von Worcester auf. Der Tornado riss durch 48 Meilen von Worcester County, einschließlich eines großen Gebiets der Stadt Worcester. Der Tornado hat massive Zerstörung hinterlassen und 94 Menschen getötet. Der Worcester Tornado wäre der tödlichste Tornado, der jemals in Massachusetts getroffen wurde. [20] Debris aus dem Tornado landete bis nach Dedham, Massachusetts. [21]
Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg begann Worcester zu sinken, als die Stadt ihre Produktion verlor billigere Alternativen im ganzen Land und in Übersee. Worcester spürte die nationalen Trends der Bewegung weg von historischen Stadtzentren. Die Bevölkerung der Stadt sank zwischen 1950 und 1980 um über 20%. Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts wurden große Stadterneuerungsprojekte unternommen, um den Niedergang der Stadt aufzuhalten. Ein riesiges Gebiet in der Innenstadt von Worcester wurde wegen neuer Bürotürme und des 1.000.000 Quadratmeter großen Einkaufszentrums Worcester Center Galleria abgerissen. [22] Nach nur 30 Jahren würde die Galleria die meisten ihrer Hauptmieter verlieren und ihre Attraktivität für weitere Einkaufszentren in den Vororten verlieren um Worcester County. In den 1960er Jahren wurde die Interstate 290 mitten im Zentrum von Worcester gebaut, um die Stadt dauerhaft zu trennen. Im Jahr 1963 führte Harvey Ball aus Worcester das ikonische gelbe Smiley-Gesicht in die amerikanische Kultur ein. [23][24]
Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts erholte sich die Wirtschaft Worcesters, als sich die Stadt in den Bereichen Biotechnologie und Gesundheitswesen ausbreitete. [25] Die UMass Medical School hat sich zu einer In der biomedizinischen Forschung und im Massachusetts Biotechnology Research Park ist das Unternehmen ein Zentrum für medizinische Forschung und Entwicklung. [25] Die Worcester-Krankenhäuser Saint Vincent Hospital und UMass Memorial Health Care sind zwei der größten Arbeitgeber der Stadt. Die vielen Hochschulen von Worcester, darunter das College of the Holy Cross, das Worcester Polytechnic Institute, die Clark University, die UMass Medical School, das Assumption College, die MCPHS University, das Becker College und die Worcester State University, ziehen viele Studenten in die Region und tragen dazu bei, die neue Wirtschaft voranzutreiben.
Am 3. Dezember 1999 begannen ein Obdachloser und seine Freundin aus Versehen bei der Worcester Cold Storage & Warehouse Company ein Fünf-Alarm-Feuer. Das Feuer brachte sechs Feuerwehrmännern das Leben und erregte nationale Aufmerksamkeit, als eine der schlimmsten Feuerwehr-Tragödien im ausgehenden 20. Jahrhundert entstand. [26] Präsident Bill Clinton, Vizepräsident Al Gore und andere lokale und nationale Würdenträger nahmen am Begräbnis- und Gedenkprogramm teil Worcester. [26]
In den letzten Jahrzehnten hat ein erneutes Interesse an der Innenstadt der Stadt neue Investitionen und Bauvorhaben nach Worcester gebracht. Ein Convention Center wurde 1997 entlang der DCU Center Arena in der Innenstadt von Worcester errichtet. [27] Im Jahr 2000 wurde die Worcester Union Station nach 25 Jahren Vernachlässigung und einer Renovierung von 32 Millionen US-Dollar wiedereröffnet. Die Hanover Insurance half, das alte Franklin Square Theatre im Hanover Theatre for Performing Arts für mehrere Millionen Dollar zu renovieren. [28] Im Jahr 2000 errichtete das Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences einen neuen Campus in der Innenstadt von Worcester. [29] 2007 eröffnete WPI die erste Anlage in ihrem neuen Gateway Park Center am Lincoln Square. [30] Im Jahr 2004 schlug Berkeley Investments vor, die alte Worcester Center Galleria für eine neue gemischt genutzte Anlage mit dem Namen City Square abzureißen. Das ehrgeizige Projekt sah vor, alte Straßenmuster wieder zu verbinden und ein neues Einzelhandels-, Gewerbe- und Wohnviertel in der Stadt zu schaffen. [31] Nachdem die Hannover Versicherung einige Jahre lang um finanzielle Absicherung gekämpft hatte, übernahm die Hannoveraner Versicherung das Projekt und der Abriss begann am 13. September 2010 Unum Insurance und das Saint Vincent Hospital wurden in das Projekt vermietet und beide Einrichtungen wurden 2013 eröffnet. Die neue Front Street wurde am 31. Dezember 2012 eröffnet. [32]
Geography [ edit ]
Worcester hat eine Gesamtfläche von 38,6 Quadratmeilen (100 km 2 ), 37,6 Quadratmeilen (97 km 2 ) Land und 2,6 km . 2 ) (ungefähr 2,59%) Wasser. Worcester grenzt an die Städte Auburn, Grafton, Holden, Leicester, Millbury, Paxton, Shrewsbury und West Boylston.
Worcester ist aufgrund seiner Nähe zum Zentrum von Massachusetts als Heart of the Commonwealth, bekannt. Die Stadt liegt etwa 40 km westlich von Boston, 80 km östlich von Springfield und 61 km nordwestlich von Providence, Rhode Island.
Der Blackstone River bildet sich im Zentrum von Worcester durch den Zusammenfluss von Middle River und Mill Brook. Der Fluss fließt durch die Innenstadt und taucht am Fuße des College Hill auf. Es fließt dann nach Süden durch Quinsigamond Village und in Millbury. Worcester ist der Beginn des Blackstone Valley, das den Fluss umrahmt. Der Blackstone-Kanal war einst eine wichtige Wasserstraße, die Worcester mit Providence und der östlichen Küste verband, aber der Kanal wurde Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts außer Betrieb gesetzt und war zum größten Teil verdeckt. In den letzten Jahren haben lokale Organisationen, darunter der Canal District Business Association, vorgeschlagen, den Kanal wiederherzustellen und einen Blackstone Valley National Park zu errichten. [33]
Worcester ist eine von vielen Städten, die wie Rom behauptet werden gefunden auf sieben Hügeln: Flughafen Hill, Bancroft Hill, Belmont Hill (Bell Hill), Grafton Hill, Green Hill, Pakachoag Hill und Vernon Hill. Worcester hat jedoch mehr als sieben Hügel, darunter Indian Hill, Newton Hill, Poet's Hill und Wigwam Hill.
Worcester hat viele Teiche und zwei prominente Seen: Indian Lake und Lake Quinsigamond. Lake Quinsigamond (auch bekannt als Long Pond ) erstreckt sich über vier Kilometer über die Grenzen von Worcester und Shrewsbury und ist ein sehr beliebtes Ruder- und Bootsreiseziel.
Klima [ edit ]
Worcesters feuchtes kontinentales Klima (Köppen Dfb ) ist typisch für Neuengland. Das Wetter ändert sich schnell, da warme, feuchte Luft aus dem Südwesten zusammenfließt. kühle, trockene Luft aus dem Norden; und der gemäßigte Einfluss des Atlantiks im Osten. Die Sommer sind normalerweise warm und feucht, während die Winter kalt, windig und schneereich sind. In der Regel fällt der Schnee von der zweiten Novemberhälfte bis Anfang April [34] gelegentlich im Oktober; Mai Schnee ist viel seltener. Das USDA klassifiziert die Stadt als die hügeligen Zonen 5b und 6a. [35]
Der heißeste Monat ist der Juli mit einem 24-Stunden-Durchschnitt von 21,2 ° C (70,2 ° F), während der kälteste ist Januar, bei 24,1 ° F (–4,4 ° C). Es gibt durchschnittlich nur 3,5 Tage Hochtemperaturen von + 32 ° C (+ 90 ° F) und Tiefsttemperaturen von 4,1 Nächten (–18 ° C) oder weniger (–18 ° C) pro Jahr, und Perioden beider Extreme sind selten von Dauer. Die Rekordhochtemperatur aller Zeiten liegt bei 39 ° C (102 ° F), die am 4. Juli 1911 (19659152) aufgezeichnet wurde, die bisher einzige Temperatur von 38 ° C oder höher. Die Rekordtieftemperatur aller Zeiten beträgt -24 ° F (-31 ° C), aufgezeichnet am 16. Februar 1943. [37]
Die Stadt hat einen Niederschlag von 48,1 Zoll (1,220 mm) a sowie durchschnittlich 163 cm Schnee pro Saison und erhalten weitaus mehr Schnee als Küstenorte, die weniger als 64 km entfernt liegen. Die geographische Lage von Massachusetts, die in den Nordatlantik ragt, macht die Stadt sehr anfällig für Nor'easter-Wettersysteme, die starken Schnee in die Region werfen können.
Obwohl die Stadt selten war, hatte sie extremes Wetter. Am 21. September 1938 wurde die Stadt von dem brutalen Hurricane von New England im Jahr 1938 getroffen. 15 Jahre später wurde Worcester von einem Tornado getroffen, bei dem 94 Menschen starben. Der tödlichste Tornado in der Geschichte Neuenglands hat einen großen Teil der Stadt und der umliegenden Städte beschädigt. Es traf die Assumption Preparatory School, die jetzt das Quinsigamond Community College ist.
| Klimadaten für Worcester, Massachusetts (Worcester Regional Airport), 1981–2010 Normalen, Extreme 1892 – heute | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monat | Jan | Feb. | April | Mai | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Nov | Dez | Jahr | ||
| Aufzeichnung hoch ° F (° C) | 67 (19) | 71 (22) | 84 (29) | 91 (33) | 94 (34) | 98 (37) | 102 (39) | 99 (37) | 99 (37) | 91 (33) | 79 (26) | 72 (22) | 102 (39) |
| Mittleres Maximum ° F (° C) | 52,9 (11.6) | 53.8 (12.1) | 66.3 (19.1) | 78.2 (25.7) | 84.1 (28.9) | 87.5 (30.8) | 89.5 (31.9) | 88.1 (31.2) | 83.7 (28.7) | 74.7 (23.7) | 66.7 (19.3) | 56.7 (13.7) | 91.2 (32.9) |
| Durchschnittlich hohe ° F (° C) | 31.3 (- 0.4) | 34,6 (1.4) | 42.9 (6.1) | 55,1 (12.8) | 65,9 (18.8) | 74.1 (23.4) | 78.9 (26.1) | 77.3 (25.2) | 69.6 (20.9) | 58.3 (14.6) | 47.6 (8.7) | 36.3 (2.4) | 56.0 (13.3) |
| Durchschnittlich niedriger ° F (° C) | 16.8 (- 8.4) | 19.4 (- 7.0) | 26.5 (- 3.1) | 37,0 (2.8) | 46.8 (8.2) | 56.0 (13.3) | 61.5 (16.4) | 60.4 (15.8) | 52,9 (11.6) | 41.7 (5.4) | 33,0 (0,6) | 22.6 (- 5.2) | 39.6 (4.2) |
| Mittleres Minimum ° F (° C) | -2.3 (- 19.1) | 1.5 (- 16.9) | 8.1 (- 13.3) | 24.4 (- 4.2) | 35,6 (2.0) | 44,1 (6.7) | 52.3 (11.3) | 49.7 (9.8) | 39.2 (4.0) | 28.6 (- 1.9) | 17.6 (- 8.0) | 4.3 (- 15.4) | -4.6 (- 20.3) |
| Niedrig ° F (° C) aufzeichnen | −19 (- 28) | −24 (- 31) | -6 (- 21) | 9 (- 13) | 27 (- 3) | 33 (1) | 41 (5) | 38 (3) | 27 (- 3) | 19 (- 7) | 3 (- 16) | −17 (- 27) | −24 (- 31) |
| Durchschnittsniederschlagszoll (mm) | 3.49 (89) | 3.23 (82) | 4.21 (107) | 4.11 (104) | 4.19 (106) | 4.19 (106) | 4.23 (107) | 3.71 (94) | 3.93 (100) | 4.68 (119) | 4.28 (109) | 3.82 (97) | 48.07 (1,220) |
| Durchschnittlicher Schneefall in cm (cm) | 17.1 (43) | 15,6 (40) | 11.4 (29) | 2.8 (7.1) | - | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.2 (0.51) | 2.6 (6.6) | 14.4 (37) | 64.1 (163) |
| Durchschnittliche Niederschlagstage (≥ 0,01 in) | 12,5 | 10.5 | 12.9 | 12.4 | 13.6 | 12.3 | 10.9 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 11.6 | 12.2 | 139.4 |
| Durchschnittliche Schneetage (≥ 0,1 in) | 8.5 | 7.0 | 6,0 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0,2 | 1.4 | 7.0 | 31.7 |
| Quelle: NOAA [34][38][39] | |||||||||||||
Nachbarschaften [ edit ]
Galerie [ edit ]
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Worcester und die umliegenden Gebiete, von 3700 Fuß (1128 m) nach Norden. Die Route 146 ist im Bau zu sehen.
Demographie [ edit ]
| Historische Bevölkerung | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Volkszählung | Pop | % ± | |||||||
| 1790 | 2095 | - | |||||||
| 1800 | 2,411 | 15,1% | 1855 | 195593 6,9% | |||||
| 1820 | 2,962 | 14,9% | |||||||
| 1830 | 4,173 | 40,9% | |||||||
| 1840 | 7,497 | 1850 | |||||||
| 19659324] 127,4% | |||||||||
| 1860 | 24,960 | 46,4% | |||||||
| 1870 | 41,105 | 64,7% | |||||||
| 1880 | 58,291 | 58,291 | 58,291 | . 84,655 | 45,2% | ||||
| 1900 | 118,421 | 39,9% | |||||||
| 1910 | 145,986 | 23,3% | |||||||
| 1920 | 179,79393 | 19659323] 195,311 | 8,7% | ||||||
| 1940 | 193,694 | -0,8% | |||||||
| 1950 | 203,486 | 5,1% | 186 | 186,587 | 19659325] 1970 | 176,572 | -5,4% | ||
| 1980 | 161,799 | -8,4% | |||||||
| 1990 | 169,759 | 4,9% [1965] 9325] 2000 | 172,648 | 1,7% | |||||
| 2010 | 181,045 | 4,9% | |||||||
| Est. 2017 | 185,677 | [1] | 2,6% | ||||||
| Quelle: [40] | |||||||||
Laut der US-Volkszählung von 2010 hatte Worcester eine Bevölkerung von 181.045, von denen 88.150 (48,7%) männlich und 92.895 (51,3%) weiblich waren. In Bezug auf das Alter waren 77,9% über 18 Jahre und 11,7% über 65 Jahre alt; Das Durchschnittsalter beträgt 33,4 Jahre. Das Durchschnittsalter für Männer beträgt 32,1 Jahre und für Frauen 34,7 Jahre.
Worcesters Bevölkerung bestand zu 69,4% aus Weißen, 11,6% schwarzen oder afrikanischen Amerikanern, 0,4% amerikanischen Ureinwohnern und Alaska-Ureinwohnern, 6,1% Asiaten (3,0% Vietnamesen, 0,9% Chinesen und 0,8% Asiaten). , <0,1% gebürtige Hawaiianer und andere pazifische Inselbewohner, 8,4% von einigen anderen Rennen und 4,0% von zwei oder mehr Rennen (1,2% Weiß und Schwarz oder Afroamerikaner; 1,0% Weiß und einige andere Rennen). Hispanics und Latinos jeder Rasse machten 20,9% der Bevölkerung aus (12,7% aus Puerto Rico). [41] Nicht-hispanische Weiße waren 2010 59,6% der Bevölkerung, [42] weniger als 96,8% im Jahr 1970. [43]
Einkommen [ edit ]
Die Daten stammen aus den 5-Jahres-Schätzungen der American Community Survey 2009-2013. [44][45][46]
| Rang | Postleitzahl (ZCTA) | Pro-Kopf- Einkommen | Median Haushalt Einkommen | Median Familieneinkommen | Bevölkerung | Anzahl Haushalte |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts | 35.763 USD | 66.866 USD | 84.900 USD | 6,605,058 | 2,530,147 | |
| 1 | 01606 | 32.781 USD | 66.912 USD | 86.452 USD | 19.495 | 8,032 |
| Worcester County | $ 31.537 | 65.223 USD | 81.519 USD | 802.688 | 299,663 | |
| 2 | 01602 | 31.101 USD | 62.832 USD | 77.807 USD | 23.707 | 9,025 |
| Vereinigte Staaten | 28.155 USD | 53.046 USD | 64.719 USD | 311 536 594 | 115,610,216 | |
| 3 | 01604 | 27.119 USD | 49.797 USD | 54.984 USD | 34.720 | 14.388 |
| Worcester | $ 24.330 | 45.932 USD | 57.704 $ | 181,901 | 68,850 | |
| 4 | 01607 | 24.044 USD | 45.152 USD | 56.815 USD | 8,957 | 3.602 |
| 5 | 01609 | 23.846 USD | 40.660 USD | 60.867 USD | 21,178 | 7.183 |
| 6 | 01603 | 22.315 USD | 48.183 US-Dollar | 55.000 USD | 19.385 | 7.243 |
| 7 | 01605 | 21.639 USD | 37.705 USD | 40.710 USD | 27,279 | 10,640 |
| 8 | 01610 | 14.040 USD | 30.532 USD | 35.372 USD | 23,964 | 7.453 |
| 9 | 01608 | 11.315 USD | 19.418 USD | 19.727 USD | 3,558 | 1.455 |
Regierung [ edit ]
Worcester wird von einer Council-Manager-Regierung mit einem vom Volk gewählten Bürgermeister regiert. Ein Stadtrat fungiert als gesetzgebendes Organ, und der vom Rat ernannte Manager übernimmt die traditionellen täglichen Führungsaufgaben.
Stadträte können entweder als Vertreter eines Stadtviertels oder als Großkandidat tätig sein. Der große Kandidat, der die meisten Stimmen für den Bürgermeister erhält, wird zum Bürgermeister (Kandidaten für einen großen Rat müssen verlangen, dass sie aus dem Stimmzettel für den Bürgermeister genommen werden, wenn sie nicht in den Bürgermeister-Wahlzettel aufgenommen werden möchten). Daher müssen die Wähler zweimal für ihren Bürgermeisterkandidaten stimmen, einmal als Großrat und einmal als Bürgermeister. Der Bürgermeister hat nicht mehr Autorität als andere Stadträte, sondern ist der zeremonielle Leiter der Stadt und Vorsitzender des Stadtrates und des Schulkomitees. Derzeit gibt es 11 Ratsmitglieder: 6 große und 5 Distrikte.
Worcesters erste Charta, die 1848 in Kraft trat, begründete die Regierungsform eines Bürgermeisters / Zweikammersystems. Die beiden Kammern - der elfköpfige Vorstand der Erbenbürger und der 30köpfige Gemeinsame Rat - verfügten gemeinsam über volle Gesetzgebungsbefugnisse. Der Bürgermeister kümmerte sich um alle Verwaltungsabteilungen, obwohl Ernennungen in diese Abteilungen vom Zweikammer-Stadtrat genehmigt werden mussten.
Um die Charta von 1848 zu ersetzen, genehmigten die Wähler von Worcester im November 1947 eine Änderung der Plan E-Stadtregierung. Mit Wirkung von Januar 1949 bis November 1985 gründete diese Charta (wie in Kapitel 43 der Massachusetts General Laws beschrieben) die City Council / City Manager-Regierung. Diese Art von Governance mit Modifikationen ist bis heute erhalten geblieben.
Zunächst wurde die Regierung von Plan E in Worcester als 9-köpfiger Rat (alle zusammen), als Bürgermeister der Zeremonien, der von den Ratsmitgliedern aus dem Rat gewählt wurde, und vom Stadtrat ernannt. Der Manager beaufsichtigt die tägliche Verwaltung der Stadt, legt alle Termine in den Stadtämtern fest und kann jederzeit mit der Mehrheit der Stimmen des Rates entfernt werden. Der Bürgermeister ist Vorsitzender des Stadtrates und des Schulkomitees und hat kein Vetorecht. [47]
Von 1949 bis 1959 wurden Wahlen durch eine einzige übertragbare Stimme abgegeben. Die Wähler haben dieses System im November 1960 aufgehoben. Trotz unparteiischer Wahlen wechselten zwei Gruppen die Kontrolle über den Rat: die lokale Demokratische Partei und eine als "Citizens 'E Association" (CEA) bezeichnete Schiefertafel. Zu den CEA-Mitgliedern gehörten die republikanische Parteiführung und andere Gruppen, die nicht der regulären Demokratischen Partei angehören. [48]
. 1983 beschlossen die Worcester-Wähler erneut, die Stadtrechte zu ändern. Diese Charta der "Home Rule" (benannt nach der Methode der Verabschiedung der Charta) ähnelt Plan E, wobei die wichtigsten Änderungen die Struktur des Rates und die Wahl des Bürgermeisters betreffen. Der 9-köpfige Rat wurde aus jedem Stadtbezirk 11, 6 Personen und 1. Der Bürgermeister wird von den Volkswahlen gewählt, muss aber auch als at-large Stadtrat antreten und gewinnen.
Politik [ edit ]
Worcesters Geschichte des sozialen Progressivismus umfasst eine Reihe von temperamentvollen und abolitionistischen Bewegungen. Sie war führend in der Frauenwahlrechtsbewegung: Die erste nationale Versammlung, die sich für Frauenrechte einsetzte, wurde vom 23. bis 24. Oktober 1850 in Worcester abgehalten. [49]
Zwei der radikalsten Abolitionisten der Nation, Abby Kelley Foster und ihr Ehemann Stephen S. Foster nahmen Worcester als ihre Heimat auf, ebenso Thomas Wentworth Higginson, der Herausgeber von The Atlantic Monthly und der avuncular-Korrespondent von Emily Dickinson und der Unitarier Rev. Edward Everett Hale.
Das Gebiet war bereits Heimat von Lucy Stone, Eli Thayer und Samuel May, Jr. Sie waren in ihren politischen Aktivitäten durch Netzwerke verwandter Quäkerfamilien wie die Earles und die Chases verbunden, deren Organisationsbemühungen für die Anti-Agenden entscheidend waren - Sklaverei im zentralen Massachusetts und in ganz New England.
Die Anarchistin Emma Goldman und zwei andere eröffneten 1892 eine Eisdiele. "Es war Frühling und noch nicht warm", schrieb Goldman später, "aber der Kaffee, den ich gebraut habe, unsere Sandwiches und zarte Gerichte wurden zunehmend geschätzt. Innerhalb kurzer Zeit konnten wir in einen Sodawasserbrunnen und einige schöne farbige Teller investieren. " [50]
Am 19. Oktober 1924 fand die größte Versammlung des Ku Klux Klan (KKK) statt ), die in New England stattfanden, fanden auf dem Agricultural Fairgrounds in Worcester statt. Klansmen in sheets and hoods, new Knights awaiting a mass induction ceremony, and supporters swelled the crowd to 15,000. The KKK had hired more than 400 "husky guards", but when the rally ended around midnight, a riot broke out. Klansmen's cars were stoned and burned, and their windows smashed. KKK members were pulled from their cars and beaten. Klansmen called for police protection, but the situation raged out of control for most of the night. The violence after the "Klanvocation" had the desired effect: Membership fell off, and no further public Klan meetings were held in Worcester.[51]
Robert Stoddard, owner of The Telegram and Gazettewas one of the founders of the John Birch Society.
Sixties era radical Abbie Hoffman was born in Worcester in 1936 and spent more than half of his life there.
| Voter registration and party enrollment as of October 19, 2016 - Worcester[52] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Number of voters | Percentage | |||
| Democratic | 44,656 | 44.75% | |||
| Republican | 8,583 | 8.22% | |||
| Unenrolled | 49,487 | 47.37% | |||
| Political Designations | 0 | 0% | |||
| Total | 107,686 | 100% | |||
Public safety[edit]
For public safety needs, the City of Worcester is protected by both the Worcester Fire Department and the Worcester Police Department.
Emergency Medical Services (EMS) are provided by UMass Memorial Medical Center under contract with the city. Originally operated by Worcester City Hospital and later by the University of Massachusetts Medical School,[53] "Worcester EMS" operates exclusively at the advanced life support (ALS) level, with two paramedics staffing each ambulance.[54] UMass Memorial EMS maintains two community EMS stations and operates a fleet of 18 ambulances, as well as a special-operations trailer, several other support vehicles, and a bike team; the agency responds to an average of 100 emergencies each day.[55] UMass Memorial EMS operates the EMS Communications Center, which is a secondary PSAP and provides emergency medical dispatch (EMD) services to Worcester and other communities.[56]
Economy[edit]
By the mid-19th century Worcester was one of the largest manufacturing centers in New England. The city's large industries specialized in machinery, wire production, and power looms. And although manufacturing has largely declined, the city still maintains large manufactures, like Norton Abrasives, which was bought by Saint-Gobain in 1990, Morgan Construction and the David Clark Company. The David Clark Company pioneered aeronautical equipment including anti-gravity suits and noise attenuating headsets.
Services, particularly education and healthcare make up a large portion of the city's economy. Worcester's many colleges and universities make higher education a considerable presence in the city's economy.
Hanover Insurance was founded in 1852 and retains its headquarters in Worcester. Unum Insurance and Fallon Community Health Plan have offices in the city. Polar Beverages is the largest independent soft-drink bottler in the country and is located in Worcester.
Worcester is home to the largest concentration of digital gaming students in the United States.[57]
As one of the top ten emerging hubs for tech startups,[58] the city's biotechnology and technology industries have helped spur major expansions at both the University of Massachusetts Medical School and Worcester Polytechnic Institute. The Massachusetts Biotechnology Research Park hosts many innovative companies including Advanced Cell Technology and AbbVie. The Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology located in nearby Shrewsbury developed the oral contraceptive pill in 1951.
Downtown Worcester used to boast major Boston retailers Filene's and Jordan Marsh as well Worcester's own department stores Barnard's and Denholm & McKay. Over time most retailers moved away from downtown and into the suburban Auburn Mall and Greendale Mall in North Worcester.
In 2010,[59] the median household income was $61,212. Median income for the family was $76,485. The per capita income was $29,316. About 7.7% of families and 10.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.1% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over. In October 2013, Worcester was found to be the number five city for investing in a rental property.[60]
Top employers[edit]
According to the City's 2010 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[61] the top ten employers in the city are:
Education[edit]
Primary and secondary education[edit]
Worcester's public schools educate more than 23,000 students in kindergarten through 12th grade.[62] The system consists of 33 elementary schools, 4 middle schools, 7 high schools,[63] and 13 other learning centers such as magnet schools, alternative schools, and special education schools. The city's public school system also administers an adult education component called "Night Life", and operates a Public-access television cable TV station on channel 11.
The Massachusetts Academy of Math and Science was founded in 1992 as a public secondary school located at the Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
One notable charter school in the city is Abby Kelley Foster Charter Public School, which teaches kindergarten through 12th grade. It is granted status by Massachusetts as a Level 1 school. It is the one of 834 schools in the United States to offer the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme.
Worcester Technical High School, or Worcester Tech.'s graduating class of 2014 was honored by having President Barack Obama as the speaker at their graduation ceremony. Their principal, Sheila Harrity, was awarded the national title of Principal of the Year by NASSP.
Twenty-one private and parochial schools are also found throughout Worcester, including the city's oldest educational institution, Worcester Academy, founded in 1834, and Bancroft School, founded in 1900.
Along with Worcester Tech, the most known public schools include North High School, South High School, Doherty High School, Abby Kelley Foster, and Burncoat High School.
Higher education[edit]
Worcester is home to several institutes of higher education.
- Assumption College is the fourth oldest Roman Catholic college in New England and was founded in 1904. At 175 acres (0.71 km2), it has the largest campus in Worcester.
- Becker College is a private college with campuses in Worcester and Leicester, Massachusetts. It was founded in Leicester in 1784 as Leicester Academy. The Worcester campus was founded in 1887, and the two campuses merged into Becker College in 1977. Becker's video game design program has consistently been ranked in the top 10 in the U.S. and Canada.[64]
- Clark University was founded in 1887 as the first all-graduate school in the country; it now also educates undergraduates and is noted for its strengths in psychology and geography. Its first president was G. Stanley Hall, the founder of organized psychology as a science and profession, father of the child study movement, and founder of the American Psychological Association. Well-known professors include Albert A. Michelson, who won the first American Nobel Prize in 1902 for his measurement of light. Robert H. Goddard, a pioneering rocket scientist of the space age also studied and taught here, and, in his only visit to the United States, Sigmund Freud delivered his five famous "Clark Lectures" at the university. Clark offers the only program in the country leading to a Ph.D. in Holocaust History and Genocide Studies.
- The Jesuit College of the Holy Cross, was founded in 1843 and is the oldest Roman Catholic college in New England and one of the oldest in the United States. Well-known graduates include Dr. Joseph E. Murray, Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, Billy Collins, former Poet Laureate of the United States, Bob Cousy, and Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas. In 2013, the College of the Holy Cross was ranked by U.S. News and World Report as the nation's 25th highest-rated liberal arts college.[65]
- The Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Worcester Campus houses the institution's Doctor of Optometry program, accelerated Doctor of Pharmacy, Post-Baccalaureate Bachelor's in Nursing; Master's in Nursing - Family Nurse Practitioner, Master's program New England School of Acupuncture, as well as the Master's program in Physician Assistant Studies for post-baccalaureate students.
- Quinsigamond Community College.
- The University of Massachusetts Medical School (1970) is one of the nation's top 50 medical schools. Dr. Craig Mello won the 2006 Nobel Prize for Medicine. The University of Massachusetts Medical School is ranked fourth in primary care education among America's 125 medical schools in the 2006 U.S. News & World Report annual guide "America's Best Graduate Schools".[66]
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute (1865) is an innovative leader in engineering education and partnering with local biotechnology industries. Robert Goddard, the father of modern rocketry, graduated from WPI in 1908 with a Bachelor of Science in physics.
- Worcester State University is a public, 4-year college founded in 1874 as Worcester Normal School.
An early higher education institution, the Oread Institute, closed in 1934.
Many of these institutions participate in the Colleges of Worcester Consortium. This independent, non-profit collegiate association includes academic institutions in Worcester and other communities in Worcester County, such as Anna Maria College in neighboring Paxton. It facilitates cooperation among the colleges and universities. One example of this being its inter-college shuttle bus and student cross registration.
Other programs[edit]
Worcester is the home of Dynamy, a "residential internship program" in the United States.[67] The organization was founded in 1969.
Culture[edit]
Much of Worcester culture is synonymous with Boston and New England culture. The city's name is notoriously mispronounced by people unfamiliar with the city. As with the city in England, the first syllable of "cester" (castra) is left entirely unvoiced. Combined with a traditionally non-rhotic Eastern New England English accent, the name can be transcribed as "WOOS-tuh" or "WISS-tuh" (the first syllable possibly having a near-close central unrounded vowel).[69]
Worcester has many traditionally ethnic neighborhoods, including Quinsigamond Village (Swedish), Shrewsbury Street (Italian) Kelley Square (Irish and Polish) Vernon Hill (Lithuanian) and Union Hill (Jewish).
Shrewsbury Street is Worcester's traditional "Little Italy" neighborhood and today boasts many of the city's most popular restaurants and nightlife.[70] The Canal District was once an old eastern European neighborhood, but has been redeveloped into a very popular bar, restaurant and club scene.[71]
Worcester is also famously the former home of the Worcester Lunch Car Company. The company began in 1906 and built many famous lunch car diners in New England. Worcester is home to many classic lunch car diners including Boulevard Diner, Corner Lunch, Chadwick Square Diner, and Miss Worcester Diner.
There are also many dedicated community organizations and art associations located in the city. stART on the Street is an annual festival promoting local art. The Worcester Music Festival and New England Metal and Hardcore Festival are also held annually in Worcester. The Worcester County St. Patrick's Parade runs through Worcester and is one of the largest St. Patrick's Day celebrations in the state. The city also hosts the second oldest First Night celebration in the country each New Year's Eve.
Worcester is also the state's largest center for the arts outside of Boston. Mechanics Hall, built in 1857, is one of the oldest concert halls in the country and is renowned for its pure acoustics.[72] In 2008 the old Poli Palace Theatre reopened as the Hanover Theatre for the Performing Arts.[73] The theatre brings many Broadway shows and nationally recognized performers to the city. Tuckerman Hall, designed by one of the country's earliest woman architects, Josephine Wright Chapman, is home to the Massachusetts Symphony Orchestra. The DCU Center arena and convention holds many large concerts, exhibitions and conventions in the city. The Worcester County Poetry Association sponsors readings by national and local poets in the city and the Worcester Center for Crafts provides craft education and skills to the community. Worcester is also home to the Worcester Youth Orchestras.[74] Founded in 1947 by Harry Levenson, it is the 3rd oldest youth orchestra in the country and regularly performs at Mechanics Hall.
The nickname Wormtown is synonymous with the city's once large underground rock music scene. The nickname has now become used to refer to the city itself.[75][76][77]
Sites of interest[edit]
Worcester has 1,200 acres of publicly owned property. Notable parks include Elm Park, which was laid out by Frederick Law Olmsted in 1854, and the City Common laid out in 1669. Both parks are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[78] The largest park in the city is the 549 acre Green Hill Park. The park was donated by the Green family in 1903 and includes the Green Hill Park Shelter built in 1910. In 2002, the Massachusetts Vietnam Veterans Memorial was dedicated in Green Hill Park. Other Parks, include Newton Hill, East Park, Morgan Park, Shore Park, Crompton Park, Hadwen Park, Institute Park and University Park. Though not within city limits, Tower Hill Botanical Garden is operated by the Worcester County Horticultural Society and is a 20-minute drive northeast of the city in Boylston. As a former manufacturing center, Worcester has many historic 19th century buildings and on the National Register of Historic Places, including the old facilities of the Crompton Loom Works, Ashworth and Jones Factory and Worcester Corset Company Factory.
The American Antiquarian Society has been located in Worcester since 1812. The national library and society has one of the largest collections of early American history in the world. The city's main museum is the Worcester Art Museum established in 1898. The museum is the second largest art museum in New England, behind the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston.[79] From 1931 to 2013, Worcester was home to the Higgins Armory Museum, which was the sole museum dedicated to arms and armor in the country.[80] Its collection and endowment were transferred and integrated into the Worcester Art Museum, with the collection to be shown in a new gallery slated to open in 2015. The non-profit Veterans Inc. is headquartered at the southern tip of Grove Street in the historic Massachusetts National Guard Armory building.
The Worcester Memorial Auditorium is one of the most prominent buildings in the city. Built as a World War I war memorial in 1933, the multipurpose auditorium has hosted many of the Worcester's most famous concerts and sporting events.
Worcester was home to Marshall Walter ("Major") Taylor, an African American cyclist who won the world one-mile (1.6 km) track cycling championship in 1899. Taylor's legacy is being the second black world champion in any sport. Taylor was nicknamed the Worcester Whirlwind by the local papers.
Lake Quinsigamond is home to the Eastern Sprints, a premier rowing event in the United States. Competitive rowing teams first came to Lake Quinsigamond in 1857. Finding the long, narrow lake ideal for such crew meets, avid rowers established boating clubs on the lake's shores, the first being the Quinsigamond Boating Club. More boating clubs and races followed, and soon many colleges (local, national, and international) held regattas, such as the Eastern Sprints, on the lake. Beginning in 1895, local high schools held crew races on the lake. In 1952, the lake played host to the National Olympic rowing trials.
In 2002, the Jesse Burkett Little League all-stars team went all the way to the Little League World Series. They made it to the US final before losing to Owensboro, Kentucky. Jesse Burkett covers the West Side area of Worcester, along with Ted Williams Little League.
The city hosts the Worcester Railers of the ECHL, which began play in October 2017. Prior to the Railers, the American Hockey League team Worcester Sharks played in Worcester from 2006 to 2015, before relocating to San Jose. The Sharks played at the DCU Center as a developmental team for the National Hockey League's San Jose Sharks. The AHL was formerly represented by the Worcester IceCats from 1994 to 2005. The IceCats were chiefly affiliated with the St. Louis Blues.
Worcester will also host the Massachusetts Pirates, an indoor football team in the National Arena League, starting in 2018 at the DCU Center. The city previously was home to the New England Surge of the defunct Continental Indoor Football League.
The city's former professional baseball team, the Worcester Tornadoes, started in 2005 and was a member of the Canadian-American Association of Professional Baseball League. The team played at the Hanover Insurance Park at Fitton Field on the campus of the College of the Holy Cross and was not affiliated with any major league team. The team's owner ran into financial difficulties, and the team disbanded after the 2012 season. The Worcester Bravehearts began play in 2014 as the local affiliate of the Futures Collegiate Baseball League, and won the league championship in their inaugural season. The Pawtucket Red Sox, the AAA affiliate of the Boston Red Sox, will be moving to Worcester in 2021. A name has not yet been announced. [81]
The New England Surge, a member of the Continental Indoor Football League, played their home games in the DCU Center in their two years of existence, 2007 and 2008. Candlepin bowling was invented in Worcester in 1880 by Justin White, an area bowling alley owner. The Worcester County Wildcats[82] are part of the New England Football League, is a semi-pro football team, and play at Commerce Bank Field at Foley Stadium.
Golf's Ryder Cup's first official tournament was played at the Worcester Country Club in 1927. The course also hosted the U.S. Open in 1925, and the U.S. Women's Open in 1960.
Worcester's colleges have long histories and many notable achievements in collegiate sports. The College of the Holy Cross represents NCAA Division 1 sports in Worcester. The other colleges and Universities in Worcester correspond with division II and III. The Holy Cross Crusaders won the NCAA men's basketball champions in 1947 and NIT men's basketball champions in 1954, led by future NBA hall-of-famers and Boston Celtic legends Bob Cousy and Tom Heinsohn.
Religion[edit]
According to the U.S.Religion Census 2010, the largest religious denomination in Worcester County is Catholic followed by Protestant. The first Catholics came to Worcester in 1826. They were chiefly Irish immigrants brought to America by the builders of the Blackstone canal. As time went on and the number of Catholics increased, the community petitioned Bishop Fenwick to send them a priest. In response to this appeal, the bishop appointed the Reverend James Fitton to visit the Catholics of Worcester in 1834. Catholic mass was first offered in the city in an old stone building on Front Street. The foundation of Christ's Church, the first Catholic church in Worcester (now St. John's), was laid on July 6, 1834.[83] The Roman Catholic Diocese of Worcester was canonically erected on January 14, 1950, by Pope Pius XII. Its territories were taken from the neighboring Diocese of Springfield. The current and fifth bishop is Robert Joseph McManus.[84]
| Religion adherence Worcester County 2010[85] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Religion | Number of adherents | Percentage |
| Catholic | 348,625 | 38.01% |
| Mainline Protestant | 49,656 | 5.4% |
| Evangelical Protestant | 42,006 | 4.6% |
| Eastern Orthodox | 8,140 | 0.9% |
| Jewish | 4,605 | 0.5% |
| Black Protestant | 677 | 0.01% |
| Other | 15,445 | 1.68% |
| None | 447,826 | 48.84% |
| Total | 100% | |
The Unitarian-Universalist Church of Worcester was founded in 1841.
Worcester's Greek Orthodox Cathedral, St. Spyridon, was founded in 1924.
Worcester is home to a dedicated Jewish population, who attend five synagogues, including Reform congregation Temple Emanuel Sinai, Congregation Beth Israel, a Conservative synagogue founded in 1924,[86] and Orthodox Congregation Tifereth Israel - Sons of Jacob (Chabad), home of Yeshiva Achei Tmimim Academy. Beth Israel and its rabbi were the subject of the book And They Shall be My People: An American Rabbi and His Congregation by Paul Wilkes.
The first Armenian Church in America was built in Worcester in 1890 and consecrated on January 18, 1891 as "Soorp Purgich" (Holy Saviour). The current sanctuary of the congregation, known now as Armenian Church of Our Savior was consecrated in 1952.
Worcester is home to America's largest community of Mandaeans, numbering around 2500. Most Mandaeans in Worcester arrived as refugees from instability in Iraq during the early 21st century.[87]
The Telegram & Gazette is Worcester's only daily newspaper. The paper, known locally as "the Telegram" or "the T and G", is wholly owned by GateHouse Media of Fairport, New York.[88]WCTR, channel 3, is Worcester's local news television station, and WUNI-TV, channel 27, is the only major over-the-air broadcast television station in Worcester. Radio stations based in Worcester include WCHC, WCUW, WSRS, WTAG, WWFX, WICN and WXLO. WCCA-TV Shows on channel 194 and provides Community Cable-Access Television as well as a live stream of the channel on their website WCCATV.com.[89]
Infrastructure[edit]
Transportation[edit]
Worcester is served by several interstate highways. Interstate 290 connects central Worcester to Interstate 495, I-90 in nearby Auburn, and I-395. I-190 links Worcester to MA 2 and the cities of Fitchburg and Leominster in northern Worcester County. I-90 can also be reached from a new Massachusetts Route 146 connector.
Worcester is also served by several smaller Massachusetts state highways. Route 9 links the city to its eastern and western suburbs, Shrewsbury and Leicester. Route 9 runs almost the entire length of the state, connecting Boston and Worcester with Pittsfield, near the New York state border. Route 12 was the primary route north to Leominster and Fitchburg until the completion of I-190. Route 12 also connected Worcester to Webster before I-395 was completed. It still serves as an alternate, local route. Route 146, the Worcester-Providence Turnpike, connects the city with the similar city of Providence, Rhode Island. Route 20 touches the southernmost tip of Worcester near the Massachusetts Turnpike. U.S. 20 is a coast-to-coast route connecting the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, and is the longest road in the United States.[90]
Worcester is the headquarters of the Providence and Worcester, a Class II railroad operating throughout much of southern New England. Worcester is also the western terminus of the Framingham/Worcester commuter rail line run by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Union Station serves as the hub for commuter railway traffic. Built in 1911, the station has been restored to its original grace and splendor, reopening to full operation in 2000. It also serves as an Amtrak stop, serving the Lake Shore Limited from Boston to Chicago. In October 2008 the MBTA added 5 new trains to the Framingham/Worcester line as part of a plan to add 20 or more trains from Worcester to Boston and also to buy the track from CSX Transportation.[91] Train passengers may also connect to additional services such as the Vermonter line in Springfield.
The Worcester Regional Transit Authority, or WRTA, manages the municipal bus system. Buses operate intracity as well as connect Worcester to surrounding central Massachusetts communities. The WRTA also operates a shuttle bus between member institutions of the Colleges of Worcester Consortium. Worcester is also served by Peter Pan Bus Lines and Greyhound Bus Lines, which operate out of Union Station.
The Worcester Regional Airport, owned and operated by Massport lies at the top of Tatnuck Hill, Worcester's highest. The airport consists of one 7,000 ft (2,100 m) runway and a $15.7 million terminal. The airport held numerous airlines from the 1950s through the 1990s, but it has encountered years of spotty commercial flights. On September 4, 2008, Direct Air announced it would begin serving Worcester to Orlando, Florida, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, and Punta Gorda, Florida, in the spring of 2009. On Tuesday March 13, 2012, Direct Air canceled its entire charter program (including service to Worcester) due to financial reasons, leaving the passenger terminal at Worcester Regional Airport empty.[92] In 2013, JetBlue announced that it would service ORH, and service began in November 2013.[93] It currently provides daily service from ORH to Fort Lauderdale, and Orlando, Florida.[94] Massport has announced plans to install a Category III landing system at ORH to combat takeoff and landing problems caused by routine fog at the airport.[95]
Healthcare[edit]
In 1830, state legislation funded the creation of the Worcester State Insane Asylum Hospital (1833) and became one of the first new public asylums in the United States.[96] Prior the Worcester State Insane Asylum hospital, all other treatment centers were funded by private philanthropists which neglected treatment for the poor.[96]
Worcester is home to the University of Massachusetts Medical School, ranked fourth in primary care education among America's 125 medical schools in the 2006 U.S. News & World Report annual guide "America's Best Graduate Schools".[66] The medical school is in the top quartile of medical schools nationally in research funding from the NIH and is home to highly respected scientists including a Nobel laureate, a Lasker Award recipient and multiple members of the National Academy of Sciences and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. The school is closely affiliated with UMass Memorial Health Care, the clinical partner of the medical school, which has expanded its locations all over Central Massachusetts. St. Vincent Hospital at Worcester Medical Center in the downtown area rounds out Worcester's primary care facilities. Reliant Medical Group, formerly Fallon Clinic, is the largest private multi-specialty group in central Massachusetts with over 30 different specialties. It is affiliated with St. Vincent's Hospital in downtown Worcester. Reliant Medical Group was the creator of Fallon Community Health Plan, a now independent HMO based in Worcester, and one of the largest health maintenance organizations (HMOs) in the state.
Utilities and public services[edit]
Worcester has a municipally owned water supply. Sewage disposal services are provided by the Upper Blackstone Water Pollution Abatement District, which services Worcester as well as some surrounding communities. National Grid USA is the exclusive distributor of electric power to the city, though due to deregulation, customers now have a choice of electric generation companies. Natural gas is distributed by NSTAR Gas; only commercial and industrial customers may choose an alternate natural gas supplier. Verizon, successor to New England Telephone, NYNEX, and Bell Atlantic, is the primary wired telephone service provider for the area. Phone service is also available from various national wireless companies. Cable television is available from Charter Communications, with Broadband Internet access also provided, while a variety of DSL providers and resellers are able to provide broadband Internet over Verizon-owned phone lines.[citation needed]
Sister cities[edit]
Worcester has the following sister cities:[97]
See also[edit]
^ a: The US Census estimated that Worcester surpassed Providence in 2006 by 199 people. Though this is well within the margin of error, List of United States cities by population uses the 2008 estimates for purposes of ranking. The New England article, however, ranks by 2000 Census, which places Providence as second largest. In the 2010 Census, Worcester's roughly 181,000 residents surpassed Providence's roughly 178,000.
References[edit]
- ^ a b "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population". Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ "Total Real Gross Domestic Product for Worcester, MA-CT (MSA)". Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. January 2001. Archived from the original on December 27, 2017. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
- ^ How do you say 'Worcester?'Archived from the original on May 4, 2015retrieved August 1, 2015CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
- ^ "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Worcester city, Massachusetts". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
- ^ The third largest city is Providence, Rhode Island, with a population of 178,042. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Providence city, Rhode Island". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
- ^ "Valentines weren't invented in Worcester, but they have special history here".
- ^ Lincoln, William (1862). History of Worcester, Massachusettspp. 22-23. Worcester: Charles Hersey.
- ^ a b "Hassanamisco Indian Museum History". Hassanamisco Indian Museum. 2013. Retrieved December 30, 2013.
- ^ Worcester Society of Antiquity (1903). Exercises Held at the Dedication of a Memorial to Major Jonas Rice, the First Permanent Settler of Worcester, Massachusetts, Wednesday, October 7, 1903. Charles Hamilton Press, Worcester. 72pp.
- ^ a b "Worcester, MA History | at the dawn of the American Industrial Revolution". City of Worcester, Massachusetts. 2007. Retrieved March 3, 2007.
- ^ Coombs, Zelotes W. "Worcester & Worcester Common". City of Worcester, Massachusetts. Retrieved February 9, 2015.
- ^ Hutchins, Fred L. (1899). "Fixing the Spot". Proceedings of the Worcester Society of Antiquity. 16: 88.
- ^ "American Antiquarian Society Fact Sheet".
- ^ "Transportation". Worcester Historical Museum. 2013. Retrieved December 30, 2013.
- ^ a b Dan Ricciardi; Kathryn Mahoney (2013). "Washburn and Moen Worcester's Worldwide Wire Manufacturuer". College of the Holy Cross. Retrieved December 30, 2013.
- ^ "Three Deckers". Worcester Historical Museum. 2013. Retrieved December 30, 2013.
- ^ "Worcester, MA Driving Tour & Guide to Blackstone Canal Historic Markers". Retrieved July 23, 2007.
- ^ Gaultney, Bruce (2009). Worcester Memoriespp. 21. Early 1990s.
- ^ a b Gaultney, Bruce (2009). Worcester Memoriespp. 7. 1880s.
- ^ Gaultney, Bruce (2009). Worcester Memoriespp. 79. 1950s.
- ^ Parr, James L. (2009). Dedham: Historic and Heroic Tales From Shiretown. Die Geschichte Presse. ISBN 978-1-59629-750-0.
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Further reading[edit]
- Dubay, Debby (2014). Worcester, Massachusetts: "The Heart of the Commonwealth." Atglen, PA: Schiffer, Publishing.
- Erskine, Margaret A. (1981). Heart of the Commonwealth: Worcester. Windsor Publications, Inc. ISBN 978-0-89781-030-2.
- Flynn, Sean (2002). 3000 Degrees: The True Story of a Deadly Fire and the Men who Fought It. New York: Warner Books.
- Lincoln, William (1837). History of Worcester, Massachusetts, from its earliest settlement to September 1836. M. D. Phillips.
- Moynihan, Kenneth J. (2007). A History of Worcester, 1674-1848. Die Geschichte Presse. ISBN 978-1-59629-234-5.
- Wall & Gray. 1871 Atlas of Massachusetts.
- Worcester DirectoryWorcester, Mass.: Sampson & Murdock Co., 1920
- "From Bondage to Belonging: The Worcester Slave Narratives", B. Eugene McCarthy & Thomas L. Doughton, editors.
- Map of Massachusetts. VEREINIGTE STAATEN VON AMERIKA. New England. Counties - Berkshire, Franklin, Hampshire and Hampden, Worcester, Middlesex, Essex and Norfolk, Boston - Suffolk, Plymouth, Bristol, Barnstable and Dukes (Cape Cod). Cities - Springfield, Worcester, Lowell, Lawrence, Haverhill, Newburyport, Salem, Lynn, Taunton, Fall River. New Bedford. These 1871 maps of the Counties and Cities are useful to see the roads and rail lines.
- Beers, D.G. 1872 Atlas of Essex County Map of Massachusetts Plate 5. Click on the map for a very large image. Also see map of 1872 Essex County Plate 7.
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